Lignocellulose biodegradation: Fundamentals and applications

Lignocellulose biodegradation: Fundamentals and applications

Natural pastures are one of South Africa’s most important agricultural resources for it provides the cheapest source of animal feed (Aucamp & Danckwerts 1989). Natural grazing is threatened by expansion of the Karoo (semi-desert region) into grasslands, overgrazing, poisonous plants, poor grazing management practices, and bush densification. Finally, expanding human activities (agriculture, hou...

Commercial feasibility of lignocellulose biodegradation: possibilities and challenges.

The main source of energy supply worldwide is generated from fossil fuels, which undoubtedly are finite and non-environmental friendly resources. Bioethanol generated from edible resources also has economic and environmental concerns. Despite the immense attention to find an alternative (inedible) source of energy in the last two decades, the total commercial production of 1st generation biofue...

DWDM Fundamentals, Components, and Applications DWDM Fundamentals, Components, and Applications

Glucose-Sensitive Holographic (Bio)Sensors: Fundamentals and Applications

Nowadays sensors and especially biosensors play an important role in medical diagnosis and detection of food and environment contaminations. Biosensors’ facilities have been improved significantly by using technologies such as surface plasmon resonance, microfluidics, laser, and electrochemistry. These technologies are now available on chips in micro- and nano-scale and are capable of mea...

Spintronics: Fundamentals and applications

Spintronics, or spin electronics, involves the study of active control and manipulation of spin degrees of freedom in solid-state systems. This article reviews the current status of this subject, including both recent advances and well-established results. The primary focus is on the basic physical principles underlying the generation of carrier spin polarization, spin dynamics, and spinpolariz...